In Vermeer's Woman Holding a Balance, the symbolic meaning of the scales or balance that she holds is reinforced by

In Vermeer's Woman Holding a Balance, the symbolic meaning of the scales or balance that she holds is reinforced by  A) the fruit on the table B)...

This work was created by

This work was created by A) Rembrandt B) Caravaggio C) Velazquez D) Rubens Answer:...

To impress the visitor in a theatrical manner, Bernini places his figures in his sculptural work of Ecstasy of St. Teresa within a/an

To impress the visitor in a theatrical manner, Bernini places his figures in his sculptural work of Ecstasy of St. Teresa within a/an A) triptych B)...

This work was created for a/an

This work was created for a/an A) family chapel B) palace courtyard C) cardinal's tomb D) pope's library Answer:...

The ceiling of the church of Il Gesu directly promoted the mission of the

The ceiling of the church of Il Gesu directly promoted the mission of the  A) Huguenots B) Jesuits C) Carmelites D) Franciscans Answer:...

This work was created by

This work was created by A) Caravaggio B) Pontormo C) Rembrandt D) Rubens Answer:...

A painting that has the appearance of sculptural form is called a

A painting that has the appearance of sculptural form is called a  A) predella B) grisaille C) cassone D) burin Answer:...

This "unknown" work was created by

This "unknown" work was created by a) El Greco b) Caravaggio c) Rubens d) Goya Answer:...

The mummy portraits from Faiyum were painted with

The mummy portraits from Faiyum were painted with a) tempera b) encaustic c) fresco d) oil Answer:...

All of the following are depicted on this sarcophagus EXCEPT

All of the following are depicted on this sarcophagus EXCEPT a) personifications of the four seasons b) narrative imagery based on the myth of Orestes c)...

The Bayeux Tapestry chronicles the

The Bayeux Tapestry chronicles the a) Thirty Years War b) Norman Conquest c) Hundred Years War d) First Crusade Answer:...

An object such as this was primarily used for which of the following prayers?

An object such as this was primarily used for which of the following prayers? a) matins b) lauds c) sext d) vespers Answer:...

Heliocentric ideas derived from the writings of Copernicus were MOST likely influential in the creation of which of the following works?

Heliocentric ideas derived from the writings of Copernicus were MOST likely influential in the creation of which of the following works? a) Michelangelo's...

The dense mass of intertwined bodies rendered on this sarcophagus seems to suggest MOSTLY

The dense mass of intertwined bodies rendered on this sarcophagus seems to suggest MOSTLY a) disciplined preparation b) the vagaries of battle c)...

Who rose to become president of the Royal Academy in London?

Who rose to become president of the Royal Academy in London? a) John Constable b) J. M. W. Turner c) Benjamin West d) Jacques Louis David Answer:...

This work BEST examples which of the following?

This work BEST examples which of the following? a) tenebrism b) grisaille c) impasto d) sfumato Answer:...

David's Death of Marat is associated with what art historical period or style?

David's Death of Marat is associated with what art historical period or style? a) Renaissance b) Baroque c) Romanticism d) Neoclassicism Answer:...

This work was painted by

This work was painted by a) Rubens b) Rembrandt c) Caravaggio d) Ribera Answer:...

The Bayeux Tapestry was created during the

The Bayeux Tapestry was created during the a) 10th century b) 11th century c) 12th century d) 13th century Answer:...

The lower part of this fresco can BEST be described as a/an

The lower part of this fresco can BEST be described as a/an a) predella b) memento mori c) vesperbild d) triptych Answer:...

Giotto created frescoes for the Arena Chapel, also known as the Scrovegni Chapel, located in the city of

Giotto created frescoes for the Arena Chapel, also known as the Scrovegni Chapel, located in the city of a) Venice b) Florence c) Rome d) Padua Answer:...

This work was originally created for a/an

This work was originally created for a/an a) chapel for a Spanish king b) tomb for a French cardinal c) palace courtyard for a Hapsburg duke d) altarpiece...

The paintings of Artemisia Gentileschi were mostly influenced by the work of

The paintings of Artemisia Gentileschi were mostly influenced by the work of  a) Masaccio b) Giotto c) Caravaggio d) Raphael Answer:...

This "unknown" work was painted by

This "unknown" work was painted by a) Ribera b) Rubens c) Caravaggio d) David Answer:...

The painterly style of Peter Paul Rubens can BEST be characterized by its use of

The painterly style of Peter Paul Rubens can BEST be characterized by its use of a) sensual figurative forms b) classical restraint c) shocking...

In this scene of the Bayeux Tapestry, spectators witness

In this scene of the Bayeux Tapestry, spectators witness a) the birth of a prince b) the destruction of a church c) the coronation of a king d)...

El Greco's painterly style can BEST be characterized by its use of

El Greco's painterly style can BEST be characterized by its use of a) classical restraint b) elongated figures c) idealized proportions d) minute...

This work was created by

This work was created by a) Rubens b) Rembrandt c) Delacroix d) David Answer:...

Benjamin West's Death of General Wolfe was unique due to its use of

Benjamin West's Death of General Wolfe was unique due to its use of a) contemporary dress in a battle scene b) an allusion to religious subject...

All of the following are characteristics of this work EXCEPT

All of the following are characteristics of this work EXCEPT a) shallow field of depth b) minute detail rendered in oil c) experimentation with...

David's Death of Marat is an example of an

David's Death of Marat is an example of an a) allegory b) attribute c) allusion d) atelier Answer:...

This scene depicts an event from the

This scene depicts an event from the a) American Revolutionary War b) Seven Years War c) French Revolution d) Thirty Years War Answer:...

Which of the following scenes does NOT appear on the Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus?

Which of the following scenes does NOT appear on the Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus? a) Entry into Jerusalem b) Sacrifice of Isaac c) Denial of St....

This "unknown" work was created by

This "unknown" work was created by a) Giotto b) Masaccio c) Rogier van der Weyden d) Matthias Grunewald Answer:...

El Greco lived and worked during the

El Greco lived and worked during the a) 15th century b) 16th century c) 17th century d) 18th century Answer:...

This work belongs to what period?

This work belongs to what period? a) Byzantine b) Hiberno-Saxon c) Romanesque d) Gothic Answer:...

The Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus was created during the

The Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus was created during the a) 3rd century CE b) 4th century CE c) 5th century CE d) 6th century CE Answer:...

This work was created for the

This work was created for the a) Hotel Dieu in Beaune b) Arena Chapel in Padua c) Monastery of St. Anthony in Isenheim d) Church of Santo Tomé in...

Rubens created works in response to which of the following?

Rubens created works in response to which of the following? a) Thirty Years War b) Hundred Years War c) French Revolution d) Napoleonic Wars Answer:...

This work is

This work is a) Greek b) Etruscan c) Roman d) Byzantine Answer:...

Which of the following artists is NOT associated with the Baroque period?

Which of the following artists is NOT associated with the Baroque period? a) Rubens b) Velazquez c) Grunewald d) Ribera Answer:...

This work is

This work is a) Italian b) French c) German d) English Answer:...

Who commissioned Michelangelo's Last Judgment?

Who commissioned Michelangelo's Last Judgment? a) Paul III b) Urban VIII c) Julius II d) Leo X Answer:...

The figure shown here swearing an oath is

The figure shown here swearing an oath is a) William the Conqueror b) Bishop Odo c) Harold, Earl of Wessex d) Edward the Confessor Answer:...

The term tenebrism refers to an extreme contrast of darks and lights, or a heightened use of

The term tenebrism refers to an extreme contrast of darks and lights, or a heightened use of a) chiaroscuro b) impasto c) grisaille d) giornate Answer:...

This work was created at the beginning of the

This work was created at the beginning of the a) 15th century b) 16th century c) 17th century d) 18th century Answer: ...

Many Greek vases from the Archaic period survive because they were found in

Many Greek vases from the Archaic period survive because they were found in a) Roman temples b) Egyptian mastabas c) Etruscan tombs d) Minoan palaces Answer:...

This painting documents events surrounding the

This painting documents events surrounding the a) Thirty Years War b) French Revolution c) July Monarchy d) Napoleonic Wars Answer:...

In El Greco's Burial of Count Orgaz, the artist reacts against the destruction of art at the hands of the Protestants by emphasizing

In El Greco's Burial of Count Orgaz, the artist reacts against the destruction of art at the hands of the Protestants by emphasizing  a) his...

This work was painted by

This work was painted by a) Delacroix b) Goya c) Gericault d) David Answer:...

Although Jusepe Ribera was Spanish, he spent most of his career working in

Although Jusepe Ribera was Spanish, he spent most of his career working in  a) Rome b) Paris c) Naples d) Venice Answer:...

The most likely explanation for the high rate of sympatric speciation that apparently existed among the cichlids of Lake Victoria in the past is

The most likely explanation for the high rate of sympatric speciation that apparently existed among the cichlids of Lake Victoria in the past is  A)...

Which of these should decline in hybrid zones where reinforcement is occurring?

Which of these should decline in hybrid zones where reinforcement is occurring?  A) gene flow between distinct gene pools B) speciation C)...

A hybrid zone is properly defined as

A hybrid zone is properly defined as  A) an area where two closely related species' ranges overlap. B) an area where mating occurs between...

The phenomenon of fusion is likely to occur when, after a period of geographic isolation, two populations meet again and

The phenomenon of fusion is likely to occur when, after a period of geographic isolation, two populations meet again and  A) their chromosomes...

The origin of a new plant species by hybridization, coupled with accidents during nuclear division, is an example of

The origin of a new plant species by hybridization, coupled with accidents during nuclear division, is an example of  A) allopatric speciation. B)...

Beetle pollinators of a particular plant are attracted to its flowers' bright orange color. The beetles not only pollinate the flowers, but they mate while inside of the flowers. A mutant version of the plant with red flowers becomes more common with the passage of time. A particular variant of the beetle prefers the red flowers to the orange flowers. Over time, these two beetle variants diverge from each other to such an extent that interbreeding is no longer possible. What kind of speciation has occurred in this example, and what has driven it?

Beetle pollinators of a particular plant are attracted to its flowers' bright orange color. The beetles not only pollinate the flowers, but they mate...

Among known plant species, which of these have been the two most commonly occurring phenomena that have led to the origin of new species? 1. allopatric speciation 2. sympatric speciation 3. sexual selection 4. polyploidy

Among known plant species, which of these have been the two most commonly occurring phenomena that have led to the origin of new species?1. allopatric...

The difference between geographic isolation and habitat differentiation is the

The difference between geographic isolation and habitat differentiation is the  A) relative locations of two populations as speciation occurs. B)...

Two closely related populations of mice have been separated for many generations by a river. Climatic change causes the river to dry up, thereby bringing the mice populations back into contact in a zone of overlap. Which of the following is not a possible outcome when they meet?

Two closely related populations of mice have been separated for many generations by a river. Climatic change causes the river to dry up, thereby bringing...

In a hypothetical situation, a certain species of flea feeds only on pronghorn antelopes. In rangelands of the western United States, pronghorns and cattle often associate with one another. If some of these fleas develop a strong preference for cattle blood and mate only with other fleas that prefer cattle blood, then over time which of these should occur, if the host mammal can be considered as the fleas' habitat? 1. reproductive isolation 2. sympatric speciation 3. habitat isolation 4. prezygotic barriers

In a hypothetical situation, a certain species of flea feeds only on pronghorn antelopes. In rangelands of the western United States, pronghorns and...

What does the biological species concept use as the primary criterion for determining species boundaries?

What does the biological species concept use as the primary criterion for determining species boundaries?  A) geographic isolation B) niche...

Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum) and one-seeded juniper (J. monosperma) have overlapping ranges. If pollen grains (which contain sperm cells) from one species are unable to germinate and make pollen tubes on female ovules (which contain egg cells) of the other species, then which of these terms is applicable?

Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum) and one-seeded juniper (J. monosperma) have overlapping ranges. If pollen grains (which contain sperm...

Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum) and one-seeded juniper (J. monosperma) have overlapping ranges. If pollen grains (which contain sperm cells) from one species are unable to germinate and make pollen tubes on female ovules (which contain egg cells) of the other species, then which of these terms are applicable? 1. sympatric species 2. prezygotic isolation 3. postzygotic isolation 4. allopatric species 5. habitat isolation 6. reduced hybrid fertility

Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum) and one-seeded juniper (J. monosperma) have overlapping ranges. If pollen grains (which contain sperm...

Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and gray wolves (Canis lupus) can interbreed to produce viable, fertile offspring. These species shared a common ancestor recently (in geologic time) and have a high degree of genetic similarity, although their anatomies vary widely. Judging from this evidence, which two species concepts are most likely to place dogs and wolves together into a single species?

Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and gray wolves (Canis lupus) can interbreed to produce viable, fertile offspring. These species shared a common ancestor...

When male horses (stallions) and female donkeys (jennets) mate, they produce a sterile hybrid called a hinny. Hinnies occur much less frequently than do mules, but are just as healthy and robust as mules. Logically, which of the following best accounts for the relative rarity of hinnies, and what kind of prezygotic isolating mechanism is at work here?

When male horses (stallions) and female donkeys (jennets) mate, they produce a sterile hybrid called a hinny. Hinnies occur much less frequently than...

Theoretically, the production of sterile mules by interbreeding between female horses (mares) and male donkeys (jacks) should

Theoretically, the production of sterile mules by interbreeding between female horses (mares) and male donkeys (jacks) should  A) result in...

Two species of frogs belonging to the same genus occasionally mate, but the offspring fail to develop and hatch. What is the mechanism for keeping the two frog species separate?

Two species of frogs belonging to the same genus occasionally mate, but the offspring fail to develop and hatch. What is the mechanism for keeping the...

Rank the following from most general to most specific: 1. gametic isolation 2. reproductive isolating mechanism 3. pollen-stigma incompatibility 4. prezygotic isolating mechanism

Rank the following from most general to most specific:1. gametic isolation2. reproductive isolating mechanism3. pollen-stigma incompatibility4. prezygotic...

Dog breeders maintain the purity of breeds by keeping dogs of different breeds apart when they are fertile. This kind of isolation is most similar to which of the following reproductive isolating mechanisms?

Dog breeders maintain the purity of breeds by keeping dogs of different breeds apart when they are fertile. This kind of isolation is most similar to...

You are confronted with a box of preserved grasshoppers of various species that are new to science and have not been described. Your assignment is to separate them into species. There is no accompanying information as to where or when they were collected. Which species concept will you have to use?

You are confronted with a box of preserved grasshoppers of various species that are new to science and have not been described. Your assignment is to...

There is still some controversy among biologists about whether Neanderthals should be placed within the same species as modern humans or into a separate species of their own. Most DNA sequence data analyzed so far indicate that there was probably little or no gene flow between Neanderthals and Homo sapiens. Which species concept is most applicable in this example?

There is still some controversy among biologists about whether Neanderthals should be placed within the same species as modern humans or into a separate...

Which of the various species concepts distinguishes two species based on the degree of genetic exchange between their gene pools?

Which of the various species concepts distinguishes two species based on the degree of genetic exchange between their gene pools?  A) phylogenetic B)...

Which of the following statements about species, as defined by the biological species concept, is (are) correct? I. Biological species are defined by reproductive isolation. II. Biological species are the model used for grouping extinct forms of life. III. The biological species is the largest unit of population in which successful interbreeding is possible.

Which of the following statements about species, as defined by the biological species concept, is (are) correct?I. Biological species are defined by...

What is true of the flightless cormorants of the Galápagos Islands?

What is true of the flightless cormorants of the Galápagos Islands?  A) They are descendants of the same common ancestor that gave rise to...

What is true of macroevolution?

What is true of macroevolution?  A) It is the same as microevolution, but includes the origin of new species. B) It is evolution above the...

A fruit fly population has a gene with two alleles, A1 and A2. Tests show that 70% of the gametes produced in the population contain the A1 allele. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what proportion of the flies carry both A1 and A2?

A fruit fly population has a gene with two alleles, A1 and A2. Tests show that 70% of the gametes produced in the population contain the A1 allele....

There are 40 individuals in population 1, all with genotype A1A1, and there are 25 individuals in population 2, all with genotype A2A2. Assume that these populations are located far from each other and that their environmental conditions are very similar. Based on the information given here, the observed genetic variation is most likely an example of

There are 40 individuals in population 1, all with genotype A1A1, and there are 25 individuals in population 2, all with genotype A2A2. Assume that...

If the nucleotide variability of a locus equals 0%, what is the gene variability and number of alleles at that locus?

If the nucleotide variability of a locus equals 0%, what is the gene variability and number of alleles at that locus?  A) gene variability...

Sparrows with average-sized wings survive severe storms better than those with longer or shorter wings, illustrating

Sparrows with average-sized wings survive severe storms better than those with longer or shorter wings, illustrating  A) the bottleneck effect. B)...

No two people are genetically identical, except for identical twins. The main source of genetic variation among human individuals is

No two people are genetically identical, except for identical twins. The main source of genetic variation among human individuals is  A) new...

Natural selection changes allele frequencies because some ________ survive and reproduce more successfully than others.

Natural selection changes allele frequencies because some ________ survive and reproduce more successfully than others.  A) alleles B) loci C)...

Swine are vulnerable to infection by bird flu virus and human flu virus, which can both be present in an individual pig at the same time. When this occurs, it is possible for genes from bird flu virus and human flu virus to be combined. If the human flu virus contributes a gene for Tamiflu resistance (Tamiflu is an antiviral drug) to the new virus, and if the new virus is introduced to an environment lacking Tamiflu, then what is most likely to occur?

Swine are vulnerable to infection by bird flu virus and human flu virus, which can both be present in an individual pig at the same time. When this...

The volcano is currently dormant, but in a hypothetical future scenario, satellite cones at the base of Mt. Kilimanjaro spew sulfurous gases and lava, destroying all life located between the base and 6,000 feet above sea level. As a result of this catastrophe, how should the frequency of the sickle-cell allele change in the remnant human population that survives above 6,000 feet, and which phenomenon accounts for this change in allele frequency?

The volcano is currently dormant, but in a hypothetical future scenario, satellite cones at the base of Mt. Kilimanjaro spew sulfurous gases and lava,...

You are maintaining a small population of fruit flies in the laboratory by transferring the flies to a new culture bottle after each generation. After several generations, you notice that the viability of the flies has decreased greatly. Recognizing that small population size is likely to be linked to decreased viability, the best way to reverse this trend is to

You are maintaining a small population of fruit flies in the laboratory by transferring the flies to a new culture bottle after each generation. After...

In the year 2500, five male space colonists and five female space colonists (all unrelated to each other) settle on an uninhabited Earthlike planet in the Andromeda galaxy. The colonists and their offspring randomly mate for generations. All ten of the original colonists had free earlobes, and two were heterozygous for that trait. The allele for free earlobes is dominant to the allele for attached earlobes.

In the year 2500, five male space colonists and five female space colonists (all unrelated to each other) settle on an uninhabited Earthlike planet...

In those parts of equatorial Africa where the malaria parasite is most common, the sickle-cell allele constitutes 20% of the ß hemoglobin alleles in the human gene pool.

In those parts of equatorial Africa where the malaria parasite is most common, the sickle-cell allele constitutes 20% of the ß hemoglobin alleles in...

You are studying three populations of birds. Population A has ten birds, of which one is brown (a recessive trait) and nine are red. Population B has 100 birds, of which ten are brown. Population C has 30 birds, and three of them are brown.

You are studying three populations of birds. Population A has ten birds, of which one is brown (a recessive trait) and nine are red. Population B has...

A large population of laboratory animals has been allowed to breed randomly for a number of generations. After several generations, 25% of the animals display a recessive trait (aa), the same percentage as at the beginning of the breeding program. The rest of the animals show the dominant phenotype, with heterozygotes indistinguishable from the homozygous dominants.

A large population of laboratory animals has been allowed to breed randomly for a number of generations. After several generations, 25% of the animals...

HIV's genome of RNA includes the code for reverse transcriptase (RT), an enzyme that acts early in infection to synthesize a DNA genome off of an RNA template. The HIV genome also codes for protease (PR), an enzyme that acts later in infection by cutting long viral polyproteins into smaller, functional proteins. Both RT and PR represent potential targets for antiretroviral drugs. Drugs called nucleoside analogs (NA) act against RT, whereas drugs called protease inhibitors (PI) act against PR.

HIV's genome of RNA includes the code for reverse transcriptase (RT), an enzyme that acts early in infection to synthesize a DNA genome off of an RNA...

There are those who claim that the theory of evolution cannot be true because the apes, which are supposed to be closely related to humans, do not likewise share the same large brains, capacity for complicated speech, and tool-making capability. They reason that if these features are generally beneficial, then the apes should have evolved them as well. Which of these provides the best argument against this misconception?

There are those who claim that the theory of evolution cannot be true because the apes, which are supposed to be closely related to humans, do not likewise...

A proficient engineer can easily design skeletal structures that are more functional than those currently found in the forelimbs of such diverse mammals as horses, whales, and bats. The actual forelimbs of these mammals do not seem to be optimally arranged because

A proficient engineer can easily design skeletal structures that are more functional than those currently found in the forelimbs of such diverse mammals...

The same gene that causes various coat patterns in wild and domesticated cats also causes the cross-eyed condition in these cats, the cross-eyed condition being slightly maladaptive. In a hypothetical environment, the coat pattern that is associated with crossed eyes is highly adaptive, with the result that both the coat pattern and the cross-eyed condition increase in a feline population over time. Which statement is supported by these observations?

The same gene that causes various coat patterns in wild and domesticated cats also causes the cross-eyed condition in these cats, the cross-eyed condition...

When imbalances occur in the sex ratio of sexual species that have two sexes (i.e., other than a 50:50 ratio), the members of the minority sex often receive a greater proportion of care and resources from parents than do the offspring of the majority sex. This is most clearly an example of

When imbalances occur in the sex ratio of sexual species that have two sexes (i.e., other than a 50:50 ratio), the members of the minority sex often...

In seedcracker finches from Cameroon, small- and large-billed birds specialize in cracking soft and hard seeds, respectively. If long-term climatic change resulted in all seeds becoming hard, what type of selection would then operate on the finch population?

In seedcracker finches from Cameroon, small- and large-billed birds specialize in cracking soft and hard seeds, respectively. If long-term climatic...

Heterozygote advantage should be most closely linked to which of the following?

Heterozygote advantage should be most closely linked to which of the following?  A) sexual selection B) stabilizing selection C) random selection D)...

The recessive allele that causes phenylketonuria (PKU) is harmful, except when an infant's diet lacks the amino acid phenylalanine. What maintains the presence of this harmful allele in a population's gene pool?

The recessive allele that causes phenylketonuria (PKU) is harmful, except when an infant's diet lacks the amino acid phenylalanine. What maintains the...

Most Swiss starlings produce four to five eggs in each clutch. Starlings producing fewer, or more, than this have reduced fitness. Which of the following terms best describes this situation?

Most Swiss starlings produce four to five eggs in each clutch. Starlings producing fewer, or more, than this have reduced fitness. Which of the following...

Which of the following is most likely to produce an African butterfly species in the wild whose members have one of two strikingly different color patterns?

Which of the following is most likely to produce an African butterfly species in the wild whose members have one of two strikingly different color patterns? A)...

Which of the following statements best summarizes evolution as it is viewed today?

Which of the following statements best summarizes evolution as it is viewed today?  A) It represents the result of selection for acquired...

Adult male humans generally have deeper voices than do adult female humans, which is the direct result of higher levels of testosterone causing growth of the larynx. If one excludes the involvement of gender in the situation, then the pattern that is apparent in the fossil record is most similar to one that should be expected from

Adult male humans generally have deeper voices than do adult female humans, which is the direct result of higher levels of testosterone causing growth...